Before her marriage and during her widowhood, she led an ascetic and monastic life, translating the Bible from Latin to German and defended the Order of the Discalced Carmelites. Eleonore attended to the interests of her biological family by securing high status marriages for her sisters, promoting the careers of her younger brothers in church as well as the political needs of her eldest brother, the Elector Palatine. Die unrühmliche Geschichte eines Herrscherhauses (2. [2] She was the oldest of 17 children born from Philip William, Count Palatine of Neuburg and Duke of Jülich-Berg and his second wife, Landgravine Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt. With Nora Hamzawi, André Marcon, Julia Faure, Dominique Reymond. L’arrière-petite-nièce de Léopold II, la Princesse Emeralda: «Le débat est vraiment urgent» . On 7 January 1677, the Imperial couple arrived in Vienna. Maria Theresa was the most important ruler of... Karl I Leopold I was married three times and fathered a total of sixteen children, of whom only six survived into adulthood. Choose from various themes to access and explore the history of the Habsburg Monarchy, for example ‘work’, ‘love’ or ‘death’. Auflage, ungekürzte Taschenbuchausgabe), Innsbruck/Wien 2010, Press, Volker: Leopold I., in: Neue Deutsche Biographie 14, Berlin 1985, S. 256-260, Prinz Eugen und das barocke Österreich. The bride and groom were third cousins (being both great-great-grandchildren of Emperor Ferdinand I), and thus a papal dispensation was granted by Pope Innocent XI to allow the marriage. She was Maria Theresa’s aunt and enjoyed a close relationship with the future ruler of the Habsburg Monarchy. Back in Vienna the following month, he gave the official conclusion that she was healthy, but the death of Anna de' Medici, mother of his late second wife, forced the Emperor to suspended the negotiations. 2018 - Découvrez le tableau "niece" de Eleonore sur Pinterest. She proved an important source of support for her husband. Immediately after birth, she was baptized Eleonore Magdalene Therese by the abbot of Altenburg Abbey. As a ruling Habsburg he has his own biography on this site. She was the paternal grandmother of Empress Maria Theresa . Following the early death of his brother he succeeded the latter as emperor of the Holy Roman Empire and ruler of the Habsburg Monarchy. … At the same time the era is marked by large-scale military ... © 2020 Die Welt der Habsburger All rights reserved. You can block or delete these cookies in your browser settings, but in doing so you risk the danger of preventing several parts of the website from functioning properly. Charles (1685–1740) was initially intended to preserve the dynasty’s interests in Spain as the Habsburg claimant to the Spanish throne. Leopold’s second wife was Archduchess Claudia Felicitas (1653–1676) from the collateral Tyrolean line of the dynasty. https://www.habsburger.net/en/chapter/leopold-i-marriage-and-family, Evans, Robert J. W.: Das Werden der Habsburgermonarchie 1550–1700. For Eleonore, the news that she would become the new Empress didn't make her happy as she had still wished to become a nun; but in the end, she has no choice but to accept the will of her parents. When Charles VI presented the original version of the Pactum Mutuae Successionis on 21 April 1713, Wilhelmine Amalia had triumphed in making him recognize the secret succession order of 1703. As she was multilingual, Eleonore translated foreign political documents for her husband, as many were written in French. She was well versed in finances, literature, theology, and became fluent in Latin, German, French and Italian. Through the secret Mutual Pact of Succession (Pactum Mutuae Successionis) of 1703, signed by both Joseph and Charles with the knowledge and consent of their father, was determined that if both brothers died without surviving male issue, the daughters of the elder brother would have absolute precedence over the daughters of the younger brother, meaning that the eldest daughter of Joseph would ascend all the Habsburg thrones. Maria Christina Josepha (born and died 18 June 1679). [12] Despite those fears, the Empress Regent presided over the congress to determine the succession of a new Emperor and favoured the election of her son Charles as Emperor. After her husband's death, Eleonore was known for dressing in mourning for the remainder of her life. As such, she was supported by her daughters. In her will, she instructed to her servants, who had witnessed her ascetic life, never to tell anyone about this. The special protection she provided to the Discalced Carmelites monasteries in Düsseldorf and Neuburg reflected her wish to be a Carmelite nun, but her parents refused to give their consent. To celebrate her birth, the court chaplain and poet Jesuit Jakob Balde composed a Latin poem in hexameters called the "Song of genius Eleonore" (la: Eleonorae Geniale carmen), which he translated to German. [8] Thanks to the intense diplomatic efforts of Eleonore's father, he gained to his side Francesco Bonvisi, Papal nuncio in Vienna, and King Charles II of Spain. (Jean Marie Éléonore Léopold DESTABENRATH) (Jean Marie Éléonore Léopold de STABENRATH)baron de l'Empire, député de La Mayenne(1816), voir Légion d'honneur (Commandeur), chevalier de l'Ordre royal et militaire de Saint-Louis(1814), chevalier de l'Ordre de la Couronne de Fer. During the reign of Joseph I, she endeavoured to keep her political influence in defiance of her daughter-in-law, Wilhelmine Amalia of Brunswick-Lüneburg, with whom she had a difficult relationship. At the time of her Imperial coronation, she was pregnant with her tenth and last child, though only five of her children survived to adulthood. She is perpetually performing extraordinary acts of penance, without having ever done any thing to deserve them. ): Die Habsburger. Monarchical rule was legitimized by descent. Il est le onzième enfant et le cinquième fils de Victor-Amédée III, duc de Savoie, roi de Sardaigne, prince de Piémont, roi titulaire de Chypre et de Jérusalem, et de Marie-Antoinette d'Espagne. Select a period in Habsburg history, from the beginnings of Habsburg rule in the Middle Ages to the collapse of the Monarchy during the First World War. Under the pressure of her mother and sister, failed-writer Eleonore Berthier undergoes a complete makeover and gets hired as an assistant in a publishing house specializing in erotic romances. [3], On 25 November 1676, the official betrothal took place. Under Leopold I work starts on the rebuilding of Schönbrunn Palace and on additions to the Hofburg in Vienna. Eleonor Magdalene of Neuburg. Family. On 1 January 1720, in preparation for the sacrament of confession, the Empress Mother suffered a stroke, which led her being paralyzed on the right side of her body. The first meeting between Leopold I and Eleonore took place two days before the wedding, but the two made a favourable impression on each other. Elle naquit au cours du mois de juin l'an 1184 et pareillement à son illustre aïeule Aliénor d'Aquitaine, mère dudit Geoffroy, reçut son prénom. In the year of her death, were published six epitaphs, among them poet Johann Christian Günther (who described her as a paragon of virtue and faith). It was reported that the Empress received and opened important political documents while Leopold I stood waiting beside her "as a secretary". Maria Magdalena (1689–1743) remained unmarried. La guerre de la ligue d'Augsbourg touche à sa fin et les négociations commencent à Ryswick : le pape souhaite une paix définitive entre les deux maisons catholiques de France et d'Autriche et propose vainement d'unir Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans, nièce de Louis XIV, et Joseph, fils de Léopold … Länder und Untertanen des Hauses Habsburg im konfessionellen Zeitalter (= Österreichische Geschichte 1522–1699, hg. On her mother's side, her grandparents were George II, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Sophia Eleonore of Saxony. The couple were very closely related in an almost absurd example of dynastic inbreeding: Margarita Teresa was marrying her first cousin who was also her uncle. When court protocol demanded her to visit the opera, she reportedly took a prayer book with her to distract her from the play. Neither Eleonore or her daughters-in-law knew for certain that the document existed, but they had heard of it, but both were very active in establishing the truth and pressuring Charles to establish a public succession order, which would be necessary for court protocol. There are conflicting assessments of her governance during this time. The information contained in the cookies is not used to identify you personally. [3][7], In April 1676, Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor lost his second wife and almost immediately began to search for a new one, urged by the need of a male heir. After Joseph’s sudden death in 1711 Eleonore assumed the regency in the interim period until Charles VI took over the reins of government. Transmutations : les chemins de l’invisible 15 décembre 2019 – 15 février 2020 « Extraordinaires banalités »… Une simple chaise, des cailloux, une palissade, un banal réverbère, quelques gouttes d’eau laissées sur un pare-brise, un quai de gare vide ou une photo ratée… During the reign of her elder son Joseph she was at the centre of an opposition group at the imperial court that was highly critical of the emperor’s lifestyle and advisors. His colleagues, however, persuaded Eleanore to restore him in his posts.[12]. The union was intended to bolster support and strengthen the emperor’s standing within the Empire. Leopold’s choice of bride was influenced by his desire for reconciliation with her father, the elector Philip of Palatinate-Neuburg, who had until then opposed the Habsburgs. [15][16][17] This secret pact was only known to Leopold I, his sons and Baron Seliern. Collected themes - browse stories and anecdotes from the history of the Habsburg Monarchy. Leopold seeks the Vatican to crown her Queen of Spain. From his previous marriages he had six children, but all except the oldest daughter, Archduchess Maria Antonia, died shortly after birth. Ses grands-parents maternels sont Philippe V d'Espagne et Élisabeth Farnèse. [12], During her last years, Eleonore lived as a nun. From 1688, she devoted much time to the Marian cult, in which she was introduced by Abraham á Sancta Clara and to which she introduced her two daughters-in-law. In 1686, she restored the Order of the Starry Cross, established by her stepmother-in-law. [3][4] These events influenced her depression which soon turned into self-destructive behaviour. He subsequently became her spiritual mentor until his death. She received the Anointing of the Sick and gave her maternal blessings to her children and grandchildren, who reunited at her deathbed. Her character was shaped by an extreme religiosity that at times verged on bigotry. They were married immediately after the death of Leopold’s first wife in 1673. During 1679, an outbreak of plague forced the Imperial family to leave Vienna, firstly to Mariazell and then in Prague, but the disease eventually reached those places. 1904 . Eleonore was born in Düsseldorf, Holy Roman Empire, on the night of 6 January 1655. Among the poor, she asked them to treat her as a commoner rather than a person of noble birth, because she believed that all people were equally precious to God. La nièce de Leopold II est née il y a 150 ans. On 19 January 1690, she was crowned Holy Roman Empress at Augsburg Cathedral. Elle fait aujourd’hui partie de ces princesses oubliées de l’Histoire de notre pays. [12], As Empress, Eleanore took control over the economy of the imperial court and managed to reduce its expenses through more effective organization. Brought up in strict accordance with Catholic principles, Eleonore Magdalena reinforced the already very pious atmosphere at the Viennese court. During her final days, Eleonore was constantly nursed by her two daughters-in-law Wilhelmine Amalia (with whom she now had a close relationship) and Elisabeth Christine. Leopold I took the final decision about the marriage only in the second half of October. Leopold’s choice of bride was influenced by his desire for reconciliation with her father, the elector Philip of Palatinate-Neuburg, … von Herwig Wolfram), 2 Teile, Wien 2003. Her court was affected by her strong religious views: strict, simple and conventlike. Elle sera l’une des reines de la Belle Epoque. She served as regent for a few months in 1711, period in which she signed the Treaty of Szatmár, which recognized the rights of her descendants to the Hungarian throne. Details on the individual cookies can be found under “Cookie settings”.