Mer. The surface water temperatures generally range from 30 °C (86 °F) in summer to 12 °C (54 °F) in winter, significantly moderating the Adriatic Basin's climate. En plein été, en juillet et en août, Venise est un peu étouffante, sauf lorsque la … Following World War I and the collapse of Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire, the eastern coast's control passed to Yugoslavia and Albania. Part I: Air–Sea Interactions and Water Mass Structure", 10.1175/1520-0485(1997)027<1492:TASGCP>2.0.CO;2, Lionello, Malanotte-Rizzoli & Boscolo 2006, "Led okovao svjetionik, u Tisnom smrznulo more", "Mediterranean climate: Background information", "Köppenova podjela klima i hrvatsko nazivlje", "Population in major towns and municipalities, 2011 census", "Population and Housing Census in Albania", "Koliko je Jadran doista opterećen antropogenim i prirodnim unosom tvari? [200] The Venetian territory was then handed over to Austria and briefly ruled as part of the Archduchy of Austria. During the reign of Augustus it became a major naval base as part of his program to re-organize the Roman navy to better protect commerce in the Mediterranean. Boll. [207] In the Apennine peninsula's south, the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies was formed in 1816 by unifying the kingdoms of Naples and Sicily. [111], The biodiversity of the Adriatic is relatively high, and several marine protected areas have been established by countries along its coasts. When tides are predicted to rise above 110 centimetres (43 in), the pontoons will be filled with air and block the incoming water from the Adriatic Sea. ", "Facing Water Challenges in the Po River Basin, Italy: A WWDR3 Case Study", "Technology: Venetians put barrage to the test against the Adriatic", "Venice's 1,500-year battle with the waves", "Venice's MOSE flood barriers rise for the first time", "Submerged Karst – Dead or Alive? [8] The International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) defines the boundary between the Adriatic and the Ionian seas as a line running from the Butrinto River's mouth (latitude 39°44'N) in Albania to the Karagol Cape in Corfu, through this island to the Kephali Cape (these two capes are in latitude 39°45'N), and on to the Santa Maria di Leuca Cape (latitude 39°48'N). [55][56] The air temperature can fluctuate by about 20 °C (36 °F) during a season. It is the largest Mediterranean shelf and is simultaneously a dilution basin and a site of bottom water formation. The latter led to the annexation of a large part of Dalmatia and nearly all the eastern Adriatic islands by Italy and the establishment of two puppet states, the Independent State of Croatia and the Kingdom of Montenegro, which controlled the remainder of the former Yugoslav Adriatic coast. The very large schools consisted mainly of little tunny and moved as far as the Gulf of Trieste. Maritime transport is also a significant branch of the area's economy—there are 19 seaports in the Adriatic that each handle more than a million tonnes of cargo per year. Température moyenne à Vieste 10 10 12 14 18 23 25 26 23 18 14 11: Température minimum à Vieste 7 7 8 10 14 19 21 21 19 15 11 ... Quand partir à la plage en Adriatique. Best Answer for L'adriatique E.g. La température de la mer la plus basse relevée ce mois-ci est de 22.1°C et la plus haute est de 28.3°C. utilisent des couches de cendres volcaniques, présentes dans une carotte de la mer Adriatique, comme horizons repères. [110] There are 45 known subspecies endemic to the Adriatic's coasts and islands. À Venise, sur la côte de la mer Adriatique, la température est un peu plus douce et se situe entre 3,5 °C en janvier et 23 °C en juillet. The most frequent sampling period was from 1966 to 1979, which contained no data gaps, followed by quasi-randomly distributed gaps in the series. [143] An additional risk is presented by oil refineries in the Po River basin where oil spills have occurred before,[144] in addition to accidents occurring in the Adriatic already, so far with no significant environmental consequences. Drifting waste—occasionally relatively large quantities of material, especially waste plastic—is transported northwest by the sirocco. La côte croate de l'Adriatique connait trois types des conditions météorologiques – cette lors de sirocco (jugo en croate), le vent chaud et humide, - cette lors de bora (bura en croate), le vent froid et sec apportant les conditions stabiles, - et celle lors de maestral, le vent soufflant du nord-ouest pendant le jour et burin soufflant pendant la nuit. Feeding behaviour: The red mullet is a carnivorous species. fév. At the same time, Slovenian fisheries produced a total of 2,500 tonnes (2,460 long tons) with 55% of the production volume originating in aquaculture, representing the highest ratio in the Adriatic. Durant l’hiver, la température de l’eau frôle les 15°C. Examples from the eastern Adriatic Coast (Croatia)", "New Fault Found in Europe; May "Close Up" Adriatic Sea", "Surface and subsurface karst geomorphology in the Murge (Apulia, Southern Italy)", "Zavarovano območje narave: Krajinski park Strunjan / Area prottetta: Parco naturale di Strugnano", "Geological processes in the Anthropocene: the Po River Delta", "Ecological indicators of estuarine features on hard substrata in the large North Adriatic lagoons", "Rapid assessment of the Ecological Value of the Bojana-Buna Delta", "The Neretva Delta: Green Pearl of Coastal Croatia", Status and Conservation of Cetaceans in the Adriatic Sea, "Fin whales in the Adriatic - Tethys Research Institute", "Incontro ravvicinato nel Mar Adriatico con uno squalo di 8 metri", "On the presence of basking shark (Cetorhinus maximus)in the Mediterranean Sea", "Jadransko more je puno morskih pasa, kitova, kornjača i dupina", Ancient whale exploitation in the Mediterranean: species matters, "Fourth national report of the Republic of Croatia to the Convention on Biological Diversity", "The potential of Maritime Spatial Planning in the Mediterranean Sea – Case study report: The Adriatic Sea", "Marine protected areas in Slovenia: How far are we from the 2012/2020 target? In the same year, the Republic of Ragusa was established in Dubrovnik as a city-state after it was freed from Venetian suzerainty. Other translations. [215] In 1918, the Montenegrin national assembly voted to unite with the Kingdom of Serbia, giving the latter access to the Adriatic. The benchmark was subsequently retained by Austria, adopted by Yugoslavia, and retained by the states that emerged after its dissolution. [210] Following the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 and the Croatian–Hungarian Settlement of 1868, the control of much of the eastern Adriatic coast was redefined. [89] In the 12th century, the delta advanced at a rate of 25 metres (82 ft) per year. The earliest settlements on the Adriatic shores were Etruscan, Illyrian, and Greek. Rapp. [32] The smooth Italian coast (with very few protrusions and no major islands) allows the Western Adriatic Current to flow smoothly, which is composed of the relatively freshwater mass on the surface and the cold and dense water mass at the bottom. [51] During particularly cold winters, sea ice may appear in the Adriatic's shallow coastal areas, especially in the Venetian Lagoon but also in isolated shallows as far south as Tisno (south of Zadar). In total, more than 3.5 million people live on the Adriatic coasts. Montenegro is also expected to look for oil off its coast. [159], Roman economic and military influence in the region began to grow with the creation by 246 BC of a major naval base at Brundisium (now Brindisi), which was established to bar Carthaginian ships from the Adriatic during the Punic Wars. Au cours de l'année, il tombe 800 mm de pluie ; la neige est plus rare qu'à Milan et Turin, et en tout cas pas abondante, mais la ville est soumise au vent froid en provenance de l'Europe de l'est, la Bora. In 2008, INA produced 14.58 million BOE per day of gas. [49], The Adriatic's surface temperature usually ranges from 22 to 30 °C (72 to 86 °F) in the summer, or 12 to 14 °C (54 to 57 °F) in the winter, except along the western Adriatic coast's northern part, where it drops to 9 °C (48 °F) in the winter. Medit., 28(5): 155-158. By the 2nd century BC, the shores were under Rome's control. Italian fisheries, including those operating outside the Adriatic, employed 60,700 in the primary sector, including aquaculture (which comprises 40% of the total fisheries production). Moyennes mensuelles de la température de la mer sur 12 mois octobre 2020 Température de l'eau moyenne : 70°F (68°F à 72°F) septembre 2020 Température de l'eau moyenne : 76°F (72°F à 77°F) août 2020 Température de l'eau moyenne : 79°F (76°F à 81°F) juillet 2020 Température de l'eau moyenne : 77°F (76°F à 79°F) juin 2020 int. [189] Still, the 1381 Treaty of Turin that ended the war required Venice to renounce claims to Dalmatia, after losing the territory to Hungary in 1358. [116] The Torre Guaceto protected area, located near Brindisi and Carovigno, covers a sea surface of 2,227 hectares (5,500 acres) and is adjacent to the Torre Guaceto State Reserve covering 1,114 hectares (2,750 acres) of coast and sharing an 8-kilometre (5.0 mi) coastline with the marine protected area. [236] These disputes with Slovenia were eventually settled with an agreement to accept the decision of an international arbitration commission set up via the UN, enabling Croatia to progress towards EU membership. That boundary became more consistently defined by Roman authors – early Greek sources place the boundary between the Adriatic and Ionian seas at various places ranging from adjacent to the Gulf of Venice to the southern tip of the Peloponnese, eastern shores of Sicily and western shores of Crete. [126][128] It includes a 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) long cliff, the northernmost Mediterranean salt field and the only Slovenian lagoon system. En cliquant sur les marqueurs, vous pourrez accéder au détail ville par ville de la température de la mer en août. [289] These gas and oil reserves are part of the Po basin Province of Northern Italy and the Northern Mediterranean Sea. (For instance, approximately 500 years are necessary to exchange all the Black Sea's water.) However, during the reign of Justinian the Byzantine Empire sent an army under the general Belisarius to regain control of Italy, resulting in the Gothic War (535–554). Both countries also declared their economic zones, which partially overlap. [131] It is also the northernmost point of growth of some Mediterranean plant species. The thermal springwater is rich with hydrogen sulfide, has a temperature of 22 to 29.6 °C (71.6 to 85.3 °F), and has enabled the development of specific ecosystems. [218] The 1919 Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye did transfer the Austrian Littoral and Istria to Italy, but awarded Dalmatia to Yugoslavia. [74] In the Northern Adriatic, the coast of the Gulf of Trieste and western Istria is gradually subsiding, having sunk about 1.5 metres (4 ft 11 in) in the past two thousand years. [224], During the Cold War, the Adriatic Sea became the southernmost flank of the Iron Curtain as Italy joined NATO,[225] while the Warsaw Pact established bases in Albania. Career. [248] In 2003, 28.8% of Italian fisheries production volume was generated in the Northern and central Adriatic, and 24.5% in Apulia (from the Southern Adriatic and Ionian Sea). [273][274][275][276] The largest seaport in Montenegro is the Port of Bar. [139] Neither Bosnia–Herzegovina nor Montenegro have or plan to establish any marine protection areas. [133] The Debeli Rtič natural monument covers 24 hectares (59 acres),[134] the Cape Madona natural monument covers 12 hectares (30 acres),[135] and the Lakes in Fiesa natural monument, with the coastal lake as the only brackish lake in Slovenia,[136] covers 2.1 hectares (5.2 acres). Pesca … [2] In classical antiquity, the sea was known as Mare Adriaticum (Mare Hadriaticum, also sometimes simplified to Adria) or, less frequently, as Mare Superum, "[the] upper sea". [34], The normal tide levels are known to increase significantly in a conducive environment, leading to coastal flooding; this phenomenon is most famously known in Italy—especially Venice—as acqua alta. Ianniello, A., Bolelli, W., and Di Scala, L., 1992, Barbara Field, Adriatic Sea, Offshore Italy, In Giant Oil and Gas Fields of the Decade, 1978–1988, AAPG Memoir 54, Halbouty, M.T., editor, Tulsa: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, formation of the surrounding mountain chains, Specially Protected Areas of Mediterranean Importance, internationally important (Ramsar) wetland reserves, Armistice between Italy and Allied armed forces, United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, "Drainage Basin of the Mediterranean Sea", United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, "Cartography in Croatia 2007–2011 – National Report to the ICA", "S pomočjo mareografske postaje v Kopru do novega geodetskega izhodišča za Slovenijo", Die Alpen: Hydrologie und Verkehrsübergänge (German), Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia, "Coastline lengths and areas of islands in the Croatian part of the Adriatic Sea determined from the topographic maps at the scale of 1 : 25 000", "Croatian small islands – residential and/or leisure area", "Stare crkve na Cresu i Lošinju te okolnim otocima", "Cape Kephali, Corfu, Greece – the southernmost point of the Adriatic Sea", "Sea Around Us | Fisheries, Ecosystems and Biodiversity", "Adriatic Sea Fisheries: outline of some main facts", "Zadar: Zbog velike plime more poplavilo obalu", "Jugo i niski tlak: More poplavilo šibensku rivu", "Marine Radioecology and Waste Management in the Adriatic", "Investigation of submarine groundwater discharge", "The Adriatic Sea General Circulation. The largest number of tourist overnight stays and the most numerous tourist accommodation facilities are recorded in Italy, especially in the Veneto region (around Venice). [112], All countries along the Adriatic coast, except Albania and Bosnia–Herzegovina, take part in the Blue Flag beach certification programme (of the Foundation for Environmental Education), for beaches and marinas meeting strict quality standards including environmental protection, water quality, safety and services criteria. If this movement continues, the seafloor will be completely consumed and the Adriatic Sea closed off in 50–70 million years. The sea is abundant in flora and fauna—more than 7,000 species are identified as native to the Adriatic, many of them endemic, rare and threatened ones. [145] Since 2006, Italy has been considering the construction of an offshore and an onshore LNG terminal in the Gulf of Trieste, as well as a pipeline, in the immediate vicinity of the Slovenian–Italian border. The plate's movement contributed to the formation of the surrounding mountain chains and Apennine tectonic uplift after its collision with the Eurasian plate. [196] Ottoman raids on the Adriatic coasts effectively ceased after the massive setback in the Battle of Lepanto in October 1571. Sixty-four known species are threatened with extinction, largely because of overfishing. août sept. oct. nov. déc. Temperature and salinity were measured with a CTD system (Neil Brown, General Oceanics Inc., or Sea Bird, Electronics Inc., Washington, USA) at each zooplankton sampling site. Connexion entre les installations offshore dans la mer du Nord. The rate of coastal zone progradation between 1000 BC and 1200 AD was 4 metres (13 ft) per year. [125], In Slovenia, the marine and coastal protected nature areas are the Sečovlje Salina Landscape Park, Strunjan Landscape Park, Škocjan Inlet Nature Reserve, and the Debeli Rtič, Cape Madona and Lakes in Fiesa natural monuments. [114] The Torre del Cerrano protected area was created in 2009, extending 3 nautical miles (5.6 km; 3.5 mi) into the sea and along 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) of coastline. The causes are a decrease in sedimentation rate due to loss of sediment behind dams, the deliberate excavation of sand for industrial purposes, agricultural use of water, and removal of ground water.[64][65]. [31] The tidal movement is normally slight, usually remaining below 30 centimetres (12 in). [140] Venice is often cited as an example of polluted coastal waters where shipping, transportation, farming, manufacturing and wastewater disposal contribute to polluting the sea. Albania and Italy determined their sea border in 1992 according to the equidistance principle. [277] In 2010, the Northern Adriatic seaports of Trieste, Venice, Ravenna, Koper and Rijeka founded the North Adriatic Ports Association to position themselves more favourably in the EU's transport systems. [154] Future pollution hazards are addressed and pollution hotspots are assessed not only by nations in the basin but also through regional projects with World Bank support. Surveys indicate reserves of 3 billion barrels of oil in place and 5.7×1010 cubic metres (2,000,000,000,000 cu ft) of gas in place. The Adriatic gas fields were discovered in the 1970s,[285]:265 but their development commenced in 1996. Accédez également aux prévisions météo marine (météo des plages) et aux horaires des marées pour les 7 prochains jours, pour chaque destination. The bora is significantly conditioned by wind gaps in the Dinaric Alps bringing cold and dry continental air; it reaches peak speeds in the areas of Trieste, Senj, and Split, with gusts of up to 180 kilometres per hour (97 kn; 110 mph). [223] The FTT was partitioned in 1954: Trieste itself and the area to the North of it were placed under Italian control, while the rest came under Yugoslav control. [165][166] This made the sea passage across the Adriatic between Brundisium and Dyrrachium (or Apollonia) a link in the primary route for travelers, trade, and troop movements, between Rome and the East. [149][150], Another source of pollution of the Adriatic is solid waste. Finally, the Montenegrin fisheries production stood at 911 tonnes (897 long tons) in 2006, with only 11 tonnes coming from aquaculture. the law of the sea 4879. the baltic sea 2819. the black sea 2207. by sea 2125. [221], During World War II, the Adriatic saw only limited naval action, starting with the Italian invasion of Albania and the joint Axis invasion of Yugoslavia. janv. [168] Marc Antony and Octavian (later Augustus) crossed the Adriatic to Dyrrachium with their armies in their campaign against two of Caesar's assassins, Brutus and Cassius, that culminated in the Battle of Philippi. INA estimates, however, are 50% lower than those supplied by Eni. Température de l'eau de la mer adriatique en octobreOù se baigner dans la mer adriatique en octobre 2020 ? Vous souhaitez aller vous baigner en Croatie aujourd'hui ? [226] After the fall of communism, Yugoslavia broke apart: Slovenia and Croatia declared independence in 1991,[227] and Bosnia–Herzegovina followed in 1992,[228] while Montenegro remained in a federation with Serbia, officially called Serbia and Montenegro. [142] It is estimated that if a major oil spill happened, a million people would lose their livelihoods in Croatia alone. Quand partir Côte Adriatique, Italie. FAO Fisheries Technical Papers … [72] An unbroken zone of increased seismic activity borders the Adriatic Sea, with a belt of thrust faults generally oriented in the northeast–southwest direction on the east coast and the northeast–southwest normal faults in the Apennines, indicating an Adriatic counterclockwise rotation. [38] Finally, Venice is increasingly vulnerable to flooding due to coastal area soil subsidence. The Adriatic Euroregion consists of 23 members: the Apulia, Molise, Abruzzo, Marche, Emilia-Romagna, Veneto and Friuli-Venezia Giulia regions of Italy; the municipality of Izola in Slovenia; the Istria, Primorje-Gorski Kotar, Lika-Senj, Zadar, Šibenik-Knin, Split-Dalmatia and Dubrovnik-Neretva counties of Croatia; the Herzegovina-Neretva Canton of Bosnia–Herzegovina; the municipalities of Kotor and Tivat in Montenegro; the Fier, Vlorë, Tirana, Shkodër, Durrës and Lezhë counties of Albania; and the Greek prefectures of Thesprotia and Corfu. The Croatia–Montenegro maritime boundary is disputed in the Bay of Kotor, at the Prevlaka peninsula. [99] Four out of five Mediterranean seagrass species are found in the Adriatic Sea. [201] The new kingdom included the province of Romagna, thus removing the Papal State from the Adriatic coast;[202] however, Trieste, Istria and Dalmatia were joined into a set of separate provinces of the French Empire: the Illyrian Provinces. [248] In 2000, the nominal—on a live weight basis—total landings of all Adriatic fisheries reached 110,000 tonnes (108,000 long tons). [160][161] Those wars ended with the eastern shore becoming a province of the Roman Republic. The Croatian tourist facilities are further augmented by 21,000 nautical ports and moorings; nautical tourists are attracted to various types of marine protected areas. [9] It extends 800 kilometres (500 mi) from the northwest to the southeast and is 200 kilometres (120 mi) wide. [40][41][42], It is estimated that the Adriatic's entire volume is exchanged through the Strait of Otranto in 3.4±0.4 years, a comparatively short period. Posez vos questions et parcourez les 3 200 000 messages actuellement en ligne. Les mouvements de la plaque contribuèrent à la formation des Apennins. [100], A number of rare and threatened species are also found along the Adriatic's eastern coast; it is relatively clearer and less polluted than the western Adriatic coast—in part because the sea currents flow through the Adriatic in a counterclockwise direction, thus bringing clearer waters up the eastern coast and returning increasingly polluted water down the western coast. Temperature and salinity were measured at the stations: P1 on 56% of cruises, 95% at P2, 77% at P3, 67% at P4, 66% at P5 and 40% at P6. Mer adriatique ou méditérranée ? Karstification there largely began after the Dinarides' final uplift in the Oligocene and the Miocene, when carbonate deposits were exposed to atmospheric effects; this extended to the level of 120 metres (390 ft) below the present sea level, exposed during the Last Glacial Maximum. [257], In 2007, Albanian fisheries production amounted to 7,505 tonnes (7,386 long tons),[248] including aquaculture production, which reached 1,970 tonnes (1,940 long tons) in 2006. Recent studies have suggested that the city is no longer sinking,[66][67] but a state of alert remains in place. Part I. ... Régime annuel et saisonnier de température et couverture de … [158] Greek colonisation of the Adriatic dates back to the 7th and 6th centuries BC when Epidamnos and Apollonia were founded. [25] The islands along the Adriatic's western (Italian) coast are smaller and less numerous than those along the opposite coast; the best-known ones are the 117 islands on which the city of Venice is built. [170], Another city on the Italian coast of the Adriatic that increased in importance during the Roman era was Ravenna. [195] The Ottomans and Venetians fought a series of wars, but until the 17th century these were not fought in the Adriatic area. Before the breakup of Yugoslavia, Albania, Italy and Yugoslavia initially proclaimed 15-nautical-mile (28 km; 17 mi) territorial waters, subsequently reduced to international-standard 12 nautical miles (22 km; 14 mi) and all sides adopted baseline systems (mostly in the 1970s). La température de l'eau est comprise entre 13°C et 28°C. The average summer temperature of the Adriatic is between 22-26 degrees Celsius. [152][153], Italy and Yugoslavia established a joint commission to protect the Adriatic Sea from pollution in 1977; the organization later changed with Slovenia, Croatia and Montenegro replacing Yugoslavia. [292] In January 2012, INA commenced prospecting for oil off Dubrovnik, marking the resumption of oil exploration along the eastern Adriatic coast after surveys commenced in the late 1980s around the island of Brač were cancelled because of Yugoslavia's breakup and war in Croatia. Overexploited species include common dentex, red scorpionfish, monkfish, John Dory, blue shark, spiny dogfish,[250] mullet, red mullet, Norway lobster,[251] as well as European hake,[252] and sardines. [171] During the 4th century AD the emperors of the Western Roman Empire had moved their official residence north from Rome to Mediolanum (now Milan) in order to be better able to control the military frontier with the Germanic tribes. In the southeast, the Adriatic Sea connects to the Ionian Sea at the 72-kilometre (45 mi) wide Strait of Otranto. The SAG measures 150 kilometres (93 miles) in diameter. Plusieurs pays ont leurs côtes au bord de la mer adriatique, parmi lesquels : l'Albanie, la Bosnie-Herzégovine, la Croatie, les Îles croates, l'Italie et la Slovénie. [120] The Lim Canal is a 10-kilometre (6.2 mi) ria of the Pazinčica river. [118], There are seven marine protected areas in Croatia: Brijuni and the Lim Canal off the Istria peninsula's coast, near Pula and Rovinj respectively; Kornati and Telašćica in the Middle Adriatic basin, near Zadar; and Lastovo, Bay of Mali Ston (Croatian: Malostonski zaljev) and Mljet in southern Dalmatia. The Napoleonic Wars resulted in the First French Empire gaining coastal control and the British effort to counter the French in the area, ultimately securing most of the eastern Adriatic shore and the Po Valley for Austria. The last major tuna catch was made there in 1954 by the fishermen from Santa Croce, Contovello and Barcola. [253] Turtles and common bottlenose dolphins are also being killed by fishing nets. Température de l'eau de la mer adriatique en janvier - Minimum : 50°F/Maximum : 59°F Température de l'eau de la mer adriatique en février - Minimum : 48°F/Maximum : 59°F Température de l'eau de la mer adriatique en mars - Minimum : 50°F/Maximum : 60°F Température de l'eau de la mer adriatique en avril - Minimum : 56°F/Maximum : 61°F Température de l'eau de la mer adriatique en mai - Minimum : … The Central Adriatic is especially abundant in endemic plant species, with 535 identified species of green, brown and red algae. [26] The northern shore of the Greek island of Corfu also lies in the Adriatic Sea as defined by the IHO. [4] Mare Superum on the other hand normally encompassed both the modern Adriatic Sea and the sea off the Apennine peninsula's southern coast, as far as the Strait of Sicily. August 2014. [188] In the 13th century, Venice established itself as a leading maritime nation. The proponents of the new union in the Croatian parliament saw the move as a safeguard against Italian expansionism as stipulated in the Treaty of London. Geophysical and geological information indicate that the Adriatic Sea and the Po Valley are associated with a tectonic microplate—identified as the Apulian or Adriatic Plate—that separated from the African Plate during the Mesozoic era. Veneto is followed by the Emilia-Romagna region and by the Adriatic Croatian counties. [86][87], There are alternations of maritime and alluvial sediments occurring in the Po Valley, at the Adriatic's north-west coast, and as far west as Piacenza, dating to the Pleistocene as the sea advanced and receded over the valley. ... M. Zore-ArmandaLes masses d′eau de la mer Adriatique. Les périodes les plus chaudes se produisent quand le vent souffle du sud, car l'effet modérateur de la mer disparaît : dans ces cas, la température peut atteindre 35/37 °C. [46] The submarine springs include thermal springs, discovered offshore near the town of Izola. [233][234], Italy and Yugoslavia defined their Adriatic continental shelf delimitation in 1968,[235] with an additional agreement signed in 1975 on the Gulf of Trieste boundary, following the Treaty of Osimo. The rest of the territory was made a part of the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia, which in turn was also in the Transleithanian part of the dual monarchy. [248], The countries bordering the Adriatic Sea are significant tourist destinations. The Adriatic Sea sits on the Apulian or Adriatic Microplate, which separated from the African Plate in the Mesozoic era. The largest passenger ports in the Adriatic are the Port of Split (the largest Croatian passenger port) and ports in Ancona (the largest Italian passenger seaport in the Adriatic). [52][53] The Southern Adriatic is about 8 to 10 °C (14 to 18 °F) warmer during the winter than the more northerly regions. The western coast is alluvial or terraced, while the eastern coast is highly indented with pronounced karstification. The area encompasses 1.8 kilometres (1.1 mi) of coastline near the Miramare promontory in the Gulf of Trieste.